Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: Dysfunction of α2δ4 leads to photoreceptor degeneration through disrupted synaptic mitochondria and calcium crosstalk

doi: 10.1038/s41419-026-08587-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , B Confocal images of retinal sections from WT and α2δ4KO mice at ( A ). 2–4 months, and B >1 year stained with anti-PKC-α to label rod bipolar cells (RBCs). Scale bar, 50 μm. C Quantification of the total length of RBC dendritic sprouting within the ONL of WT and KO mice at 2–4 months and >1 year ( n = 4 mice per group). D , E Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections at ( D ). 2–4 months, and E >1 year stained with anti-secretagogin (Scgn) to label cone bipolar cells (CBCs). Scale bar, 50 μm. F Quantification of total Scgn-positive dendritic sprouting within the ONL in WT and KO mice at 2–4 months and >1 year ( n = 4 mice per group). G , H Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections at G . 2–4 months, and H >1 year stained with anti-PSD95 to label photoreceptor terminals. Scale bar, 50 μm. I Quantification of the PSD95-labeled area within the ONL of WT and KO retina at 2–4 months and >1 year (n = 4 mice per group). J,K . Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections triple immunolabeled of PKC-α (green), vGlut1 (red), CTBP2 (blue) at ( J ) 2–4 months and ( K ) >1 year. Insets show higher magnification of retracted photoreceptor terminals colocalizing with sprouted RBC dendrites. Scale bar, 50 μm; inset, 5 μm. L , M Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections triple immunolabeled of secretagogin (green), vGlut1 (blue), and CTBP2 (red) at L 2–4 months and ( M ) >1 year. Insets show higher magnification of retracted cone terminals colocalizing with sprouted CBC dendrites. Scale bar, 50 μm; inset, 5 μm. Error bars are SEM, unpaired t-test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 .

Article Snippet: The following commercial antibodies were used: mouse anti-PKCα (AB11723, Abcam), rabbit anti-PKCα (P4334, Sigma-Aldrich), rabbit anti-secretagogin (RD181120100, BioVendor), sheep anti-secretagogin (RD184120100, BioVendor), rabbit anti-PSD95 (3450, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-PSD95 (MA1-045, Invitrogen), guinea pig anti-vGlut1 (AB5905, Millipore), mouse anti-CTBP2 (612044, BD Biosciences), rabbit anti-cone arrestin (AB15282, Millipore), mouse anti-MtCo1 (AB14705, Abcam), rabbit anti-RYR-2 ( A34455 , antibodies.com), rabbit anti-IP3R1 (07-1213, Millipore), mouse anti-SERCA2 (MA3-910, Invitrogen), mouse anti-MCU (AMAB91189, Sigma Aldrich), mouse anti-CHOP (2895, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-phospho-elf2a (3398, Cell Signaling Technology), and rabbit anti-elf2a (5324, Cell Signaling Technology).

Techniques: Staining, Labeling, Immunolabeling

Journal:

Article Title: Phospholipase D2 Is Localized to the Rims of the Golgi Apparatus in Mammalian Cells

doi: 10.1091/mbc.02-04-0059

Figure Lengend Snippet: PLD2 localization with different organelles in rat NRK cells. Cells were prepared for immunofluorescence microscopy and incubated with rabbit PLD2 antibody PLD2-27 (A, D, G, and J) and costained with monoclonal antibodies to the ER marker BiP (B); the transferrin receptor (E), a marker of early endosomes and the plasma membrane; and lgp120 (H), a late endosome/lysosomal marker. (K) Cells were stained with caveolin-1, a marker for caveoli; the arrow corresponds to caveolin-1 localized to the plasma membrane. Images were merged to determine overlap between PLD2 (red) and the respective marker proteins (green; C, F, I, and L). Areas of maximal overlap are yellow. (L) Inset, enlargement of the region of overlap between PLD2 and caveolin-1 in the perinuclear Golgi apparatus. The arrow indicates areas where PLD2 puncta (red) either overlap completely with caveolin-1 (green) or are directly adjacent. Images are from projected Z-series. Bars, 10 μm.

Article Snippet: Purified monoclonal anti-rat transferrin receptor antibodies were purchased from Cedarlane Laboratories (Hornby, Ontario, Canada).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Microscopy, Incubation, Marker, Staining